A 2023 report from the National Coffee Association found that 63% of Americans drink coffee every day – that’s more than any other beverage, except water. That same year, coffee reportedly overtook tea as the UK’s favorite drink; according to the British Coffee Association, the UK consumes about 98m cups of coffee a day. On the other hand, many people seem to feel uneasy with how much brew they consume. An abundance of articles detail people’s quests to quit their coffee habits. And companies like MUD\WTR – which makes mushroom-based beverages – have advertised themselves as “healthier” alternatives to the regular cup of joe. Coffee has a bit of a bad boy reputation,” says Dr Peter Hayes, professor of hepatology at the University of Edinburgh. Current concerns about coffee, he notes, often reference the nebulous concept of “detoxing”, which is difficult to measure.